【原创】每日重点学习一个单词=掌握多个词汇

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【原创】每日重点学习一个单词=掌握多个词汇

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2008-02-24 20:44

abandon

【词义】

vt（及物动词）
#To withdraw one's support or help from, especially in spite of duty, allegiance, or responsibility; desert:
放弃，抛弃：不顾义务，忠诚或责任而不予支持或帮助；遗弃：
abandon a friend in trouble.
抛弃处于危难中的朋友
#To give up by leaving or ceasing to operate or inhabit, especially as a result of danger or other impending threat:
离弃，丢弃：通过离开、停止操作或不再居住而放弃，特别是危险或迫近的威胁所导致的结果：
abandoned the ship.
弃船
#To surrender one's claim to, right to, or interest in; give up entirely.
使屈从：使某人放弃要求、权利或兴趣；完全放弃
#To cease trying to continue; desist from:
停止进行；终止：
abandoned the search for the missing hiker.
放弃搜寻走失的远足者
#To yield (oneself) completely, as to emotion.
完全屈从：完全屈从，如情感

n.（名词）
#Unbounded enthusiasm; exuberance.
放任，放纵：无限制的激情；充溢
#A complete surrender of inhibitions.
完全屈从于压制

【记忆方法】a+bandon: a[without]+bandon [control]
【同义词】（Synonyms）:desert, forsake, jettison, reject, renounce, repudiate
【反义词】（antonyms）：preserve,conserve, reclaim

【同义词辨析】
1.abondon 的确切含义是失去控制，或丧失了占有的能力，或“放弃”某物而不准备再要了。
and since most medical men in the Health Services are overworked and have little time for offering time-consuming and littleappreciated advice on such subjects as diet, right living, and the need for abandoning bad habits, …。
…因为卫生部门多数医务工作者都过度疲劳，他们几乎没有时间提供诸如食谱、正确的起居和克服坏习惯的必要性等方面的既费时间又不被赏识的意见…。

2.desert 的确切含义是“过去占有过”或“过去是伙伴”。狭义地讲，这个词指“抛弃自己的义务”。
a deserted village
空无一人的村庄
a deserted street at night
夜里无人的大街
the deserted wife and children
被遗弃的妻子儿女
As he hated army life, he decide to desert his regiment.
因为他嫌恶军队生活，所以他决心背弃自己所在的那个团。
Few things could be more impressive than the peace that descends on deserted city streets at week-ends when the thousands that travel to work every day are tucked away in their homes in the country.
每当周末，那些天天远道赶来上班的数千人们，又躲进乡下自己的家里。此刻有一种宁静的气氛笼罩着那无人的大街。它给人们的感受是无与伦比的。

3.forsake 通常表示与某人或某物脱离联系。
to forsake one's former belief
放弃过去的信仰
to forsake one's old friend
背离老朋友
He was forsaken smoking for years.
他戒烟已有多年了。

4. renounce 强调指指通过正式声明和宣布后放弃，与……断绝关系
He renounced his claim to the property.
他宣布正式放弃财产所有权。
He renounced his religion.
他宣布背弃原来的信仰。

5.repudiate 除了有“和……断绝关系和交往的意思”，还有拒绝付债、法律上的驳倒、否认的意思
repudiate a debt.
拒绝清偿债务
repudiated the accusation.
驳斥控诉

番茄老人 edited on 2008-02-25 21:51

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

• 【讨论】病例：双肾盂，双输尿管畸形

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2008-02-25 19:32

dormant

adj.（形容词）
【词义】
#Lying asleep or as if asleep; inactive.
不活跃的：睡着的，似睡着的；不活跃的
#Latent but capable of being activated:
潜在的：潜在的但能够被激活的：
“a harrowing experience which . . . lay dormant but still menacing”(Charles Jackson)
“埋在心底令人痛苦但仍有威胁的经历”(查尔斯•杰克逊)
#Temporarily quiescent:
暂时停止活动的：
a dormant volcano.
休眠火山
#In a condition of biological rest or inactivity characterized by cessation of growth or development and the suspension of many metabolic processes.
休眠期的：处在生物休眠、停止活动的状态中，特征是停止生长或发展及许多代谢过程的中止

【语源记忆法】from Old French [from present participle of] dormir [to sleep]
源自古法语 dormir的现在分词 [睡觉]
【同义词】（Synonyms）Latent，Inactive ，quiescent ，sleeping
【反义词】（antonyms）Awake，Active

番茄老人 edited on 2008-02-25 21:52

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

• 【求助】英文文献2篇

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2008-02-26 09:58

Prudent

adj.（形容词）
【词义】
#Wise in handling practical matters; exercising good judgment or common sense.
精明的：精于处理实际事务的；运用良好的判断力或常识的
#Careful in regard to one's own interests; provident.
在自己的利益方面小心仔细的；节俭的
#Careful about one's conduct; circumspect.
审慎地：小心行事的；谨慎的
【同义词】cautious, careful, discreet, attentive，sensible，judicious
【反义词】imprudent ,rash, unwary, careless, reckless
【同义词辨析】
pruden、discreet careful, cautious, attentive,均含有“小心的，谨慎的”之意。
1.prudent：指遇事审慎，思考计划周密，不贸然行事，有judicious, sensible(明智的、精明的)意思。
It's prudent to take a thick coat in cold weather when you go out.
在寒冷的天气下外出时带上件厚外套是谨慎的。
2.discreet ：以谨慎和理智的自我控制为特征的，做事谨慎理智的，或在言行上表现出谨慎和理智的自我控制；
My secretary is very discreet. She never tells anyone unconcerned anything about the company's business.
"我的秘书很谨慎,她对公司的业务从不对任何无关的人谈起。"
3.careful：侧重做事谨慎、留心，特别注意一些细节地方。
Be careful when crossing the busy street;
穿过交通繁忙的街道时留心点。
4.cautious：着重考虑事情的后果，谨慎留意，防止出差错。
The schoolboys are more cautious not to make any mistakes in spelling than ever before.
男学生们在拼写时比以前更加小心,以避免发生错误。
5.attentive：指认真地注意地倾听别人的意见，留心别人的需要，有关心体贴的意思。
These pioneers are very attentive to the grandny and do everything for her.
这些少先队员们很关心那位老大娘,什么事情都替她做。

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

• 解读追女孩的绝招

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2008-02-27 10:26

Impudent adj.（形容词）

【词义】
Characterized by offensive boldness; insolent or impertinent
放肆无礼的, ,厚颜无耻的
【同义词】insolent、impertinent、frivolous、licentious、wanton
【反义词】civil、courteous、couth、decorous、gracious、modest、obliging、polite

【同义词辨析】
1.impudent和insolent : 以强调无礼为特征。
None of your impudence! 别那么不要脸!， insolent manner. 举止傲慢。
2.mpertinent: 也有无礼的意思，还有不切题、不相干之意。
3.frivolous： 指轻率的，无关紧要的。A frivolous novel, a frivolous action
4.licentious: 侧重缺乏道德规范和不顾法律约束的，尤指性行为。
5.wanton: 也有放荡的、不贞洁的意思，作为名词指水性杨花的女人。也可用于形容无节制的浪费和消耗，还可以用来形容爱开玩笑的人。

番茄老人 edited on 2008-02-28 18:44

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

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• 【讨论】检验海洋问候各位朋友了

番茄老人

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2008-02-27 17:10

楼主这么辛苦去总结，大家学习了吗？可以跟帖补充词义和用法，也可谈谈学习体会和建议。

天行键，君子以自强不息地势坤，君子以厚德载物

• 湘雅医院招聘

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2008-02-28 12:45

degrade vt 动词

【词义】
1.To reduce in grade, rank, or status; demote.
使降级，使降等：在级别或地位上降低；使降级
2.To lower in dignity; dishonor or disgrace:
侮辱，羞辱：降低…的尊严；败坏…的声誉或使…蒙受耻辱：
a scandal that degraded the participants.
使所有参加者都蒙受耻辱的丑闻
3.To lower in moral or intellectual character; debase.
降低…品格：降低…的道德水准，或降低…的身份；有损…的人格
4.To reduce in worth or value:
降低…价值：价值上降低：
degrade a currency.
贬低通货的价值
5.To impair in physical structure or function.
使恶化：在体格或功能方面损害
6.Geology To lower or wear by erosion or weathering.
《地质学》侵蚀：通过侵蚀或风化降低或磨蚀
7.To cause (an organic compound) to undergo degradation.
使退化：使（有机化合物）进行降解

【同义词】degrade， abase， debase， demean， humble， humiliate
【反义词】dignify, exalt, elevate

【同义词辨析】
这些动词都表示剥夺自尊的意思。
1. Degrade implies reduction to a state of shame or disgrace:
含有下降到羞耻和坏名声状态的意思：
“Charity degrades those who receive it and hardens those who dispense it” (George Sand).
“施舍使接受它的人蒙羞，从而使发放它的人变得冷酷无情” （乔治•桑）。
2. Abase refers principally to loss of rank or prestige:
主要指级别或威望的丧失：
refused to abase herself by asking for an invitation.
因请求得到他人的邀请被拒绝而使自己的威望降低。
3. Debase implies reduction in quality or value:
含有在质量或价值方面的降低：
“debasing the moral currency” (George Eliot).
“降低普遍的道德规范” （乔治•爱略特）。
4. Demean suggests lowering in social position:
含有社会地位上的下降：
“It puts him where he can make the advances without demeaning himself” (William Dean Howells).
“这使他处于一种可以进取而不用降低自己身份的位置” （威廉•迪恩•豪威尔斯）。
5. Humble can refer to lowering in rank or, more often, to driving out undue pride:
可指在级别上的降级，更常指消除不适当的傲气：
He dreamed of humbling his opponent. To
他梦想着压倒对手。
6. humiliate is to subject to loss of self-respect or dignity:
是使丧失自尊的意思：
a defeat that humiliated both army and nation.
一次丧失了军队和国家尊严的失败。

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

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秦大智

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2008-02-28 16:39

学习了，学英语是个长期积累的过程，学的好累。

欢迎到心内版交流！

• 【原创】请大家交流一下检验前质量控制的问题

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2008-02-29 10:14

Regret

【词义】
vt. （及物动词）
#To feel sorry, disappointed, or distressed about.
后悔，惋惜：对…而感到惋惜、失望或苦恼
#To remember with a feeling of loss or sorrow; mourn.
哀伤，悲叹：带着失落感或悲伤回忆；痛惜
v.intr.（不及物动词）
#To feel regret.
后悔：感到后悔
n.（名词）
#A sense of loss and longing for someone or something gone.
悲痛：失落感和思念失去的某人或某物的感觉
#A feeling of disappointment or distress about something that one wishes could be different.
悔意：对希望能不同的东西的失望或苦恼的感觉
#regrets A courteous expression of regret, especially at having to decline an invitation.
regrets 遗憾，惋惜：有礼貌地表达遗憾，尤其是对不得不拒绝的一个邀请而感到遗憾

【同义词】regret， sorrow， grief， anguish， woe， heartache， heartbreak

【同义词辨析】
All of these nouns denote mental distress.
所有这些名词都指精神上的痛苦。

1.Regret has the broadest range, from mere disappointment to a painful sense of loss, dissatisfaction, self-reproach, or longing, as over something lost, gone, done, or left undone:
Regret 的含义最广，从简单的失望到痛苦的失落感、不满、自责或渴望，如对失去、离开、完成或剩下未完成的事感到痛苦：
He had hoped that our policy of not dealing with terrorists would be an example to other countries but soon realized, to his regret, that we didn't practice what we preached.
他曾经希望我们不和恐怖分子打交道的政策能成为其他国家的榜样，但是很快就遗憾地认识到我们并不实施我们所宣扬的政策。
She looked back with regret on the pain she had caused her family.
她痛心地回顾她给她的家庭所带来的痛苦。
2.Sorrow connotes sadness caused by misfortune, affliction, or loss; it can also imply contrition:
Sorrow 的含义是由不幸、苦难或失落而造成的悲伤；也暗示悔恨：
“sorrow for his women, for his kinfolk, for his children, who needed his protection, and whom he could not protect” (James Baldwin).
“为他的女人、亲戚、孩子这些需要他的保护而他又保护不了的人而感到悲伤” （詹姆士•鲍德金）。
3.Grief is deep, acute personal sorrow, as that arising from irreplaceable loss:
Grief 是深切、尖锐的个人痛苦，如由于不能弥补的丧失而造成的痛苦：
“Grief fills the room up of my absent child,/Lies in his bed, walks up and down with me” (Shakespeare).
“失去孩子的痛苦弥漫了整个房间/充满了他的床上，随我来回走动” （莎士比亚）。
4.Anguish implies agonizing, excruciating mental pain:
Anguish 指令人难以忍受、折磨人的精神痛苦：
“I pray that our heavenly Father may assuage the anguish of your bereavement” (Abraham Lincoln).
“我祈祷我们的上帝能缓和你们丧失亲人的痛苦” （亚伯拉罕•林肯）。
5.Woe is intense, often prolonged wretchedness or misery:
Woe 是剧烈、经常是漫长的不幸或悲惨：
“the deep, unutterable woe/Which none save exiles feel” (W.E. Aytoun).
“深切的，不能言传的痛苦/没有别人，只有亡命他乡者才能感觉到” (W•E•艾顿）。
6.Heartache most often applies to sustained private sorrow:
Heartache 通常指持久的内心痛苦：
The child's devastating problems are a source of untold heartache to the parents.
孩子灾难性的问题是父母无数的痛苦的源泉。
7.Heartbreak is overwhelming grief:
Heartbreak 是极度的悲伤：
“Better a little chiding than a great deal of heartbreak” (Shakespeare).
“宁愿要一些责骂，也不要大量的悲伤” （莎士比亚）。

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

• 折腾你的视角

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2008-03-01 11:06

Awkward adj.（形容词）

【词义】
#Not graceful; ungainly.
不优雅的；难看的
#Not dexterous; clumsy.
不灵巧的；不灵活的
#Clumsily or unskillfully performed:
笨拙地或不熟练地表演的：
The opera was marred by an awkward aria.
整部歌剧毁在咏叹调部分的不够熟练
#Difficult to handle or manage:
不顺手的：难处理或管理的：
an awkward bundle to carry.
携带不便的包裹
#Difficult to effect; uncomfortable:
难以实施的；不舒服的：
an awkward pose.
不舒服的姿势
#Marked by or causing embarrassment or discomfort:
尴尬的：以造成窘迫和不舒服为特征的：
an awkward remark; an awkward silence.
令人窘迫的评论；令人尴尬的沉默
#Requiring great tact, ingenuity, skill, and discretion:
棘手的，难处理的：要求非常老练、机智、熟练和谨慎的：
An awkward situation arose during the peace talks.
在和平谈判中出现了棘手的情况
【同义词】awkward， clumsy， maladroit， inept， gauche， ungainly
【反义词】dexterous, skillful, clever, deft, handy
【同义词辨析】
These adjectives mean lacking grace or skill in movement, manner, or performance.
这些形容词意指在活动、举止或表演上缺少优雅和技巧。
1.Awkward and clumsy, the least specific, are often interchangeable. Both emphasize lack of physical dexterity; both can also suggest embarrassment or lack of ease (several awkward moments in the discussion; offered a clumsy apology).
Clumsy和Awkward 无大的差别，经常是可互换的。两者都是强调缺少身体的灵活性；两者也都暗示窘迫或不自在（讨论中一些令人窘迫的时刻；表示不安的歉意）。
an awkward dancer;
不灵活的跳舞者；
2. Maladroit implies tactlessness or lack of skill in social relations:
Maladroit 指在社会交往中不得体或缺少技巧：
a maladroit comment.
不得体的评论。
3. Inept applies to inappropriate actions and speech:
Inept 指不适当的行为或言谈：
If the rumor is true, can anything be more inept than to repeat it now?
如果谣言是真的，还有比现在来重复它更不适当的吗？
4.Gauche suggests a lack of social polish:
Gauche 暗示缺少社会磨练：
too gauche to leave the room when the conversation became intimate.
过于笨拙以致在谈话变得过于密切时无法离开房间。
5. Ungainly implies a visible lack of grace in form or movement:
Ungainly 指在形体或运动上明显地缺少优雅：
long, ungainly legs;
难看的长腿；
an ungainly gesture.
不雅的姿势。

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

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2008-03-02 11:39

Cumbersome adj.（形容词）
【词义】
#Difficult to handle because of weight or bulk.
难处理的：因沉重或体积大而难处理的
#Troublesome or onerous.
棘手的，麻烦的

【记忆法】 cumber[to bother, distress]+some=troublesome
【同义词】 awkward, bulky, burdensome, clumsy, troublesome, unmanageable

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

• 【公告】2009年卫生专业技术资格考试推荐用书

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2008-03-03 08:42

Obliterate vt.

【词义】
#To do away with completely so as to leave no trace.
废除：完全废除，使毫无痕迹参见
The town was obliterated by the bombs.
这座城市被炸毁了
#To wipe out, rub off, or erase (writing or other markings).
擦掉，磨掉或刷掉（字迹或其他标记）
The sand-storm obliterated his footprints.
沙暴掩埋掉了他的脚印.
#Medicine To remove completely (a body organ or part), as by surgery, disease, or radiation..
(医学)消除，除去：完全除去（身体器官或一部分），通过手术、疾病或射线等
The doctor has to obliterate his legs because of anthrax.

【同义词】abolish, blot out， delete， demolish， destroy， erase， wipe out

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

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2008-03-04 20:26

Wit n
【词义】
#The natural ability to perceive and understand; intelligence.
智力：洞察和理解的自然能力；智能
#Often wits Keenness and quickness of perception or discernment; ingenuity:
常作 wits 机智：洞察或鉴别的敏锐与迅速；足智多谋：
living by one's wits.
靠机智生活
#wits Sound mental faculties; sanity:
wits 健全的头脑；清醒的神志：
scared out of my wits.
吓得我魂不附体
#The ability to perceive and express in an ingeniously humorous manner the relationship between seemingly incongruous or disparate things:
风趣：能够用聪明且幽默的方式说出或洞察出似乎不协调或不相干的事物之间的关系的能力：
“Wit has truth in it; wisecracking is simply calisthenics with words”(Dorothy Parker)
“风趣之中有真意，而说俏皮话只是玩弄文字”(多萝西•帕克)
#One noted for this ability, especially one skilled in repartee.
富于机智的人：说话风趣的人，尤指善于机敏应答的人
#A person of exceptional intelligence.
才子，智者：具有杰出的智力的人
【同义词辨析】
wit， humor， repartee， sarcasm， irony
These nouns are compared as they denote forms of expression that elicit amusement or laughter.
这些名词在这里表示能引人兴味和发笑的表达方式的意思时是可被比较的。
1.Wit implies intellectual keenness and the ability to perceive and express in a diverting, often pointed way analogies between essentially dissimilar things; 2.humor, on the other hand, suggests the faculty of recognizing what is amusing, comical, incongruous, or absurd and using it as the basis for expression:
Wit 暗指学术上的敏锐，和能够发现基本上不相似的事物之间的对比且能用一种令人发笑且通常尖锐的方式表达的能力；另一方面humor 暗指能够发现令人发笑，喜剧化的、不协调的或荒谬的东西且能把它当作表达基础的能力：
“Humor is, as it were, the growth of nature and accident; wit is the product of art and fancy” (William Hazlitt).
“幽默象从前一样是自然和意外的产物；风趣是艺术和想象力的产物” （威廉•黑兹利特）。
3.Repartee implies a facility for answering swiftly and cleverly:
Repartee 暗指机敏地快速应答的能力：
“framing comments . . . that would be sure to sting and yet leave no opening for repartee” (H.G. Wells).
“一定会刺伤人但又使反驳的机会消失的框架评论” (H.G.威尔斯）。
4.Sarcasm is a form of caustic wit intended to wound or ridicule another:
Sarcasm 是一种为了伤害或取笑另一个人的刻薄的风趣：
“Sarcasm I now see to be, in general, the language of the Devil; for which reason I have, long since, as good as renounced it” (Thomas Carlyle).
“现在我开始认识到讽剌在总体上是魔鬼的语言；因此很久已来我已不用它了” （托马斯•卡莱尔）。
5.Irony is a form of expression in which an intended meaning is the opposite of the literal meaning of the words used:
Irony 是一种用相反的字面意义表达所要达到的意义的形式：
“A drayman in a passion [a rage] calls out, ‘You are a pretty fellow,’ without suspecting that he is uttering irony”
“激动［生气］的卡车司机叫道，‘你真是个好家伙，’表达的意思无疑是反语”
【习惯用语】
1.at (one's) wits' end
At the limit of one's mental resources; utterly at a loss.
智穷计尽；全然不知所措
2.have (one's) wits about (one)或keep (one's) wits about (one)
To remain alert or calm, especially in a crisis.
警觉：保持头脑警觉或镇静，尤指在危机时刻
3. live by one's wits
靠耍小计谋骗人过日子
4.out of one's wits
头脑不清楚，头脑糊涂

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

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2008-03-05 10:30

wit 除了做名词外，在古语中还可以做动词，意思是become aware of 知道，认识到。
to wit=namely, 即，也就是说

天行键，君子以自强不息地势坤，君子以厚德载物

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2008-03-05 12:47

Covenant
n.（名词）
A binding agreement; a compact.See Synonyms at bargain
盟约，契约：有约束力的协议；合同参见 bargain
Law A formal sealed agreement or contract.
【法律】盖印合同：一种正式的盖印的协议或合同
A suit to recover damages for violation of such a contract.
契约诉讼：对违背这种合同要求赔偿损害
In the Bible, God's promise to the human race.
《圣经》中，上帝对人类的承诺
v.（动词）
cov.e.nant.ed， cov.e.nant.ing， cov.e.nants
v.tr.（及物动词）
#To promise by or as if by a covenant.
约定：通过或类似通过契约而答应
v.intr.（不及物动词）
#To enter into a covenant.
达成合约

【同义词】
covenant，promise， engage， pledge， plight， swear， vow

The central meaning shared by these verbs is “to declare solemnly that one will perform or refrain from a particular course of action”:
这些动词共同的中心意思是“严肃地宣布某人将履行或避免某一特定的行为方式”：
covenanting to exchange their prisoners of war;
答应交换战俘；
promise to write soon;
许诺很快写信；
engaged to reorganize the department;
承诺重新组建这个部；
pledged to uphold the law;
发誓要遵守法律；
plighted their loyalty to the king;
向国王宣誓他们的忠诚；
swore to get revenge;
发誓要报仇；
vowed they would never surrender.
发誓他们将永不投降

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

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2008-03-06 23:28

Deplorable adj.（形容词）
【词义】
#Worthy of severe condemnation or reproach:
应受严厉谴责的：
a deplorable act of violence.
应受谴责的暴力行为
#Lamentable; woeful:
可怜的；悲伤的：
My finances were in a deplorable state of neglect.
我的财政情况，因无人照管而一塌糊涂
#Wretched; bad:
糟糕的：
deplorable housing conditions in the inner city.
城市里面糟糕的住房条件

【同义词】doleful, mournful, plaintive, sad,

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

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2008-03-07 23:53

Dismal
adj.（形容词）
#Causing gloom or depression; dreary:
阴沉的，沮丧的：引起忧郁或沮丧的；阴霾的：
dismal weather; took a dismal view of the economy.
阴沉的天气；对经济抱着不乐观的看法
#Characterized by ineptitude, dullness, or a lack of merit:
不高明的，乏味的，愚笨的：
a dismal book; a dismal performance on the cello.
乏味的书；沉闷无趣的大提琴演奏
#Obsolete Dreadful; disastrous.
【废语】可怕的；灾难性的
n.（名词）
Chiefly South Atlantic U.S.
【多用于美国南大西洋沿岸】

【同义词】Bleak,dark,depressing,dreary, gloomy, miserable
【反义词】Cheerful, merry，gay, jovial

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

• 【求助】英文文献2篇

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2008-03-09 17:00

Narrate v.tr.（及物动词）

【词义】
#To tell (a story, for example) in speech or writing.
讲述：在演讲或写作中说出（如一个故事）
#To give an account of (events, for example).See Synonyms at describe
叙述（例如，事件）参见 describe
v.intr.（不及物动词）
#To give an account or a description.
叙述或描绘
#To supply a running commentary for a movie or performance.
影评：为电影或演出提供连续的评论
【同义词辨析】narrate, relate, describe, state, remark这组动词都表示“以口头的或书面的方式陈述出某情况”。
1.narrate 所表示的“讲述”包含着情节，在陈述时有语调的变化，如停顿、激昂以及节奏，而且由低潮过渡到高潮
Hong Yun became known after she had narrated the TV programme of the Story of the Yangtze River.
虹云解说了《话说长江》电视节目之后便出了名。
2.relate 通常表示详细而且有条理地陈述出某情况，这种情况可以是自己亲自看到的，也可以是经历到的或了解到的
How Harry came into the possession of this outlandish stuff makes an interesting story which he is fond if relating.
哈里如何得了这种稀奇古怪的东西，构成了一个他津津乐道的有趣故事。
We know instinctively,just as bookeepers with their bees that misfortune might overtake us if the important events of our lives were not related to it.
正如养蜂人与蜜蜂的关系一样，我们本能地懂得如果我们不把自己生活中重大事件告诉它的话，不幸的事情就会袭击我们。
3.describe 强调在陈述中所给的情节能构成生动而清晰的画面，听者或读者不仅可以获得听觉或视觉的感受，而且可以得到其他感官的刺激
The English language possesses a vivid saying to describe this sort of situation.
英语中有句俗语生动地描绘了这种情景。
4.state 强调讲述出详细情况的特点，不仅讲得很清楚而且讲得很肯定。此外，这个词还包含着如实的提供有关资料，以期别人能够清楚地了解
The writer stated that Rastus was in safe hands and would be returned immediately if Mrs Ramsay paid a ransom of ￡1,000.
那封信的笔者说得很清楚，拉姆特斯受到安全的保管，如拉姆塞夫人付出一千镑的赎金，这只猫便会归还。
5.remark 表示评论性的讲话，而且希望听众对某事件给以注意
This newly-made film has been remarked upon by many critics.
这部新近拍摄的影片已经受到了许多评论家的评论。
But this does not matter,for, as he has often remarked,one is never too old to learn.
然而这没有关系，因为正如他一向所说的，人要活到老学到老。

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

• 【讨论】病例：双肾盂，双输尿管畸形

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2008-03-11 23:18

Consummate【词义】
1. vt.
#To bring to completion or fruition; conclude:
完成或使取得成果；结束：
consummate a business transaction.
完成商业交易
#To realize or achieve; fulfill:
实现或达到；实现：
a dream that was finally consummated with the publication of her first book.
她处女作的发表实现了她的梦想
#To complete (a marriage) with the first act of sexual intercourse after the ceremony.
在婚庆仪式之后通过第一次性交行为而完成结婚
#To fulfill (a sexual desire or attraction) especially by intercourse.
使（性欲或性吸引）得到满足，尤指通过性交
2. adj.
#Complete or perfect in every respect:
在各方面面部完全无缺或完美的：
consummate happiness.
圆满的幸福
#Supremely accomplished or skilled:
造诣极高的或技艺超凡的：
“Sargent was now a consummate master of brushwork”(Roberta Smith)
“萨金特现在是一名绘画大师”(罗伯塔•史密斯)
#Complete; utter:
完全的；彻底的：
a consummate bore.
一个十足的讨人嫌
【同义词】immaculate, perfect, ideal, faultless

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

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2008-03-13 19:46

credence n.（名词）
【词义】
#Acceptance as true or valid; belief.See Synonyms at belief
接受为真实或有效；信任参见 belief
#Claim to acceptance; trustworthiness.
证实；可靠
#Recommendation; credentials:
介绍信；证明书：
a letter of credence.
介绍信
#A small table or shelf for holding the bread, wine, and vessels of the Eucharist when they are not in use at the altar.
餐具柜：放置尚未在圣坛上使用的圣餐面包、酒类以及器具的小桌子或柜子
【同义词】trust, belief,reliance, accreditation,credit
【反义词】doubt, suspicion, distrust, mistrust

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

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2008-03-15 16:55

pernicious adj
【词义】
#Tending to cause death or serious injury; deadly:致命的，恶性的，有害的：易引起死亡或严重伤害的；致命的：
a pernicious virus.
致命的病毒
#Causing great harm; destructive:恶毒的，毁灭性的：引起巨大伤害的；毁灭性的：
pernicious rumors.
恶毒的谣言
#Archaic Evil; wicked.【古语】邪恶的；缺德的
【同义词】damaging，deadly，destructive，detrimental，fatal，harmful，hurtful，injurious，malignant，mortal

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

• 【讨论】病例：双肾盂，双输尿管畸形

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2008-03-16 12:16

consecrate vt
【词义】
#To declare or set apart as sacred:
使神圣：宣布为或隔离为神圣的：
consecrate a church.
将教堂神圣化
#To produce the ritual transformation of (the elements of the Eucharist) into the body and blood of Jesus.
举行圣体礼使（圣餐中的面包和酒）化为耶稣的血和肉
#To sanctify (bread and wine) for use in Communion.
献祭：在圣餐中把（面包和酒）做为祭品
#To initiate (a priest) into the order of bishops.
使就圣职：授予（一个牧师）主教的职位
#To dedicate solemnly to a service or goal.
奉献：神圣地奉献给某一服务或事业参见
#To make venerable; hallow:
使神圣化；把…视为神圣：
【例句】
a tradition consecrated by time.
历史悠久的传统
This battlefield is consecrated to the memory of the soldiers who died here.
这战场被视为圣地以纪念死于该处的战士
【同义词】devote， dedicate， pledge【反义词】desecrate

【同义词辨析】
These verbs are compared as they mean “to give to a particular end and especially to a higher purpose.”
这些动词在表示“奉献给某个特别的目的，尤指高尚的目标的意思”时是可比的。
1.Consecrate suggests sacred commitment:
Consecrate 表示神圣的行为：
His entire life is consecrated to science.
他毕生的精力都献给了科学事业。
2. Devote implies faithfulness and loyalty:
Devote 意指忠诚和忠心：
Nurses devote themselves to the care of the sick.
护士致力于病人的护理事业。
3.Dedicate connotes a solemn, often formal commitment:
Dedicate 意味着一个誓言，通常为正式的许诺：
“To such a task we can dedicate our lives and our fortunes, everything that we are and everything that we have” (Woodrow Wilson).
“为了完成这个任务，我们可以贡献我们的生命和财产，我们就是一切，我们拥有一切” （伍德罗·威尔逊）。
4.pledge is to back a personal commitment by a solemn promise:
Pledge 通过一个誓言而落实到个人行动上：
“I pledge you, I pledge myself, to a new deal for the American people” (Franklin D. Roosevelt).
“我向你们，向我自己发誓，保证美国人民的新政策” （富兰克林·D·罗斯福）

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

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2008-03-17 20:44

skeptical adj.
【词义】
#unwilling to believe a claim or promise; distrustful; incredulous
怀疑的
His skeptical remark about the team's chances of winning made us gloomy.
他怀疑这队伍胜算的言论，使我们沮丧。
【同义词】dubitable，incredulous，juberous，show-me，shy，suspicious， questionable，doubtful，dubious，implausible

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

• 【原创】神内病例分析

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2008-03-18 19:11

Mendacious adj.（形容词）
【词义】
#Lying; untruthful:
说谎的；不诚实的：
The mendacious beggar told a different tale of woe at every house.
那个好说谎的乞丐在每家说不同的悲哀故事。
#False; untrue:
虚假的；不真实的：
a mendacious statement.
【同义词】dishonest，lying， untruthful， deceitful，
【反义词】veracious，candid, honest
【同义词辨析】
dishonest， lying， untruthful， deceitful， mendacious
These adjectives mean lacking honesty or truthfulness.
这些形容词都含有不诚实或不真实的意思。
1.Dishonest is the least specific:
Dishonest 是最普通的：
a dishonest answer;
不老实的回答；
a dishonest car dealer;
不诚实的汽车经营者；
dishonest profits.
不正当的获利。
2. Lying conveys a blunt accusation of untruth:
Lying 表达了对不真实性直言不讳的谴责：
Inconsistencies in his testimony made it obvious that he was a lying witness.
他证词不一致，很明显，他是一个撒谎的证人。
3.Untruthful is a softer but closely related term;it suggests both lack of veracity and divergence from fact:
Untruthful 是一个口气更温和而关系更密切的交情；该词既意味着缺乏真实，又意味着脱离事实：
made an untruthful statement. As experiments are completed the hypothesis seems increasingly untruthful.
做了不真实的叙述。实验结束后，这种假说好象增加了不真实性。
4.Deceitful implies misleading by falsehood or by concealment of the truth:
Deceitful 指由于欺骗或掩盖事实而使人迷惑的：
deceitful advertising;
骗人的广告；
a deceitful person.
欺骗的人。
5. Mendacious, a more formal equivalent of lying, suggests a chronic inclination toward untruth when it is applied to persons:
Mendacious 与lying 意思一样但更为正式，当用于指人时，含有有伪造、撒谎的习惯：
submitted a mendacious insurance claim.
上交了一份伪造的保险书。
Even when she is not being overtly mendacious, she tinkers with the truth.
即使当她不是公开撒谎时，她在事实的真相上也是笨拙的

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

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2008-03-19 19:06

improvident adj.
【词义】
#Not providing for the future; 无远见的
# thriftless 浪费的
【同义词】shortsighted;extravagant, prodigal, wastful
【反义词】far-sighted, farseeing,provident; economical

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

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2008-03-20 17:09

indulgent adj.
【词义】
# too kind or agreeable; giving in to another's wishes or whims 放任的
The indulgent mother bought her children everything they wanted.
这个溺爱的母亲买给他孩子任何他们要的东西。
# not critical; lenient 宽容的
The indulgent teacher praised every poem we wrote.
这位宽容的老师称赞我们所作的每一首诗歌。
【同义词】dissolute,immoral, intemperate,licentious, reprobate, wanton
【反义词】strict,stern

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

• 【资源】检验与护理

番茄老人

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发贴: 1918
积分: 312

得票: 41

状态: 隐身

2008-03-21 22:06

Meticulous adj.
【词义】
#Extremely careful and precise.
谨小慎微的：极度细心的和精确的
#Extremely or excessively concerned with details.
过度重视细节的：极度或过分关心细节的
【同义词】meticulous， careful， painstaking， scrupulous， fastidious， punctilious
【反义词】negligent，careless，hairbrained，harebrained，slapdas，hunwary
【同义词辨析】
这些形容词都指对所有方面或细节表示注意或以这种注意为特征的。
1.Meticulous stresses extreme, sometimes exaggerated care for small details:
Meticulous 强调极度的，有时是过分的对于小细节的关心：
“He had throughout been almost worryingly meticulous in his business formalities” (Arnold Bennett).
“他一直对他的业务手续表现出几乎是担心一样的极度细心” （阿诺德·贝内特）。
2.Careful suggests the exercise of attention, circumspection, and solicitude:
Careful 意味着运用注意力、细心和关心：
A careful examination of the antique bronze showed it to be a forgery.
对古董铜像的仔细检查证明它是件赝品。
3.Painstaking means extremely careful:
Painstaking 意味着极度细心：
The skillful repair of fine lace entails slow and painstaking work.
对精致花边的熟练修补需要缓慢而极度细心的工作。
4.Scrupulous suggests care prompted by conscience:
Scrupulous 表示出于良知的细心：
“Cynthia was scrupulous in her efforts to give no trouble” (Winston Churchill).
“辛西娅非常细心地极力不带来任何麻烦” （温斯顿·丘吉尔）。
5.Fastidious implies concern, often excessive, for the requirements of taste:
Fastidious 表示的是出于品味要求的，通常是过分的关心：
“Your true lover of literature is never fastidious” (Robert Southey).
“真正的文学爱好者从不挑剔” （罗伯特·骚塞）。
6.Punctilious specifically applies to strict, exact attention to minute details of conduct:
Punctilious 专指对极微小行为细节的严格的、精细的注意：
“The more unpopular an opinion is, the more necessary is it that the holder should be somewhat punctilious in his observance of conventionalities generally” (Samuel Butler).
“一个观点越不受欢迎，这个观点的持有者越应谨小慎微地观察习俗惯例” （塞缪尔·巴特勒）

天行键，君子以自强不息地势坤，君子以厚德载物

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Blood

医博园版主

发贴: 759
积分: 276

得票: 11

状态: 隐身

2008-03-22 19:19

insipid adj.
【词义】
#Lacking flavor or zest; not tasty.
乏味的：缺少味道或滋味；无味的
#Lacking excitement, stimulation, or interest; dull.
枯燥无味的：缺乏激情、刺激或兴趣的；枯燥
insipid conversation
乏味的谈话
【同义词】bald,drab,dull,flat,humdrum,inanimate,stuffy,monotonous,pedestrian,tedious,vapid, lackluster,stodgy，uninspired
The central meaning shared by these adjectives is “lacking in liveliness, charm, or surprise”:
这一组形容词共有的意思是“缺乏活力、魅力或惊奇”：
a competent but dull performance of the role;
对角色能胜任但乏味的表演；
a colorless and unimaginative person;
一个没有个性，缺乏想象力的人；
a drab and boring job;
枯燥乏味的工作；
a humdrum conversation;
枯燥冗长的对话；
a lackluster life;
缺乏活力的生活；
a pedestrian movie plot;
平淡无奇的电影情节；
a stodgy dinner party;
枯燥无味的宴会；
an uninspired lecture.
缺乏创见的演讲
【反义词】delicous, enjoyable,funny,interesting

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

• 武汉亚洲心脏病医院诚聘

Blood

医博园版主

发贴: 759
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得票: 11

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2008-03-23 12:56

dexterous adj.

【词义】
#Skillful in the use of the hands.
灵巧的：手的使用熟练的
#Having mental skill or adroitness.
机敏，聪明：有脑力上的机智或伶俐的
#Done with dexterity.
用右手的：惯用右手工作的
【反义词】awkward, clumsy
【同义词辨析】dexterous， deft， adroit， handy， nimble
These adjectives refer to skill and ease in performance.
这些形容词的特性指熟练和灵巧的表现。
1.Dexterous implies physical or mental agility:
Dexterous 指身手或头脑敏捷的：
dexterous fingers.
灵巧的手指，
“This study [of law] renders men acute, inquisitive, dexterous, prompt in attack, ready in defense, full of resources” (Edmund Burke).
“这项研究指出男人敏锐，机警，进攻果断，随时准备防御、充满机智” （埃德蒙·柏克）。
2.Deft suggests quickness, sureness, neatness, and lightness of touch:
Deft 表示快捷，果敢，熟练，轻巧：
decorated the cake with a few deft strokes;
用几下轻巧的击打装饰蛋糕；
defused the hostility with a deft turn of phrase.
用巧妙的措辞去除了敌意。
3.Adroit implies ease and natural skill, especially in dealing with challenging situations:
Adroit 暗示自在，自然巧妙尤指处理引起争议的局面：
an adroit skier;
自在的滑雪者；
an adroit negotiator.
灵活的谈判者。
4.Handy suggests a more modest aptitude, principally in manual work:
Handy 表示更加敏锐，特指体力劳动：
handy with a saw and hammer.
熟练地使用锯和锤。
5.Nimble stresses quickness and lightness in physical or mental performance:
Nimble 指体力或脑力运行快捷：
nimble feet;
敏捷的脚步；
nimble wits.
敏捷的才智

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

• 【转载】支持尽快修改现行《中华人民共和国执业医师法》的来签名

Blood

医博园版主

发贴: 759
积分: 276

得票: 11

状态: 隐身

2008-03-24 01:01

rescue vt.

【词义】
#To set free, as from danger or imprisonment
营救：使自由，如从危险或监禁中救出

to rescue from the building many official papers
从大楼里抢救出许多官方文件
We rescued the boy who fell into the river.
我们救起了掉进河里的小孩。

【同义词辨析】

rescue,ransom,save作为动词，在一起比较的一般含意是“搭救”或“拯救”。除save外，另外两个词还可以用作含义相同的名词。
1.rescue的含义是搭救受到监禁、攻击或死亡威胁的人。这个词的内涵是：不失时机地以强有力的措施进行搭救
It was not long before a helicopter arrived on the scene to rescue the survivors of the plane crash.
不久一架直升飞机飞到了现场，来搭救这次飞机失事的幸存者。
Rescue workers are therefore drilling a hole on the north side of the mine.
因此营救工人正在矿井北侧钻孔。
2.ransom所表示的营救是向捕获者提供一定量的赎金而使受困者得到解脱
His wife ransomed him at a heavy price.
他妻子花了大价钱才把他赎了出来。
The writer stated that Rastus was in safe hands and would be returned immediately if Mrs ramsay paid a ransom of ￡1000.
写信人说拉姆特斯很安全，如果拉姆特赛夫人付出一千镑的赎金，这只猫便会立刻被送还。
3.save是通用词，使用范围很广，其含义可以是rescue,也可以是ransom。但是这个词不仅有使受难者获释的意思，还具有使获释者继续生存、享受幸福的内涵
For hundreds of years, St bernard dogs have saved the lives of travellers crossing the dangerous pass.
几百年来，圣伯纳修道院的狗已经搭救了穿越这个险关的许多旅游者的性命。

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

• 【转载】执业医师综合笔试合格分数线的公布时间的最新通知（转）

Blood

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发贴: 759
积分: 276

得票: 11

状态: 隐身

2008-03-25 00:31

unanimous adj.
【词义】
# incomplete accord or agreement; mutually agreed; with no opposition
全体一致的，无异议的，一致通过的

He was elected by a unanimous vote.
他以全票中选。
He was elected with unanimous approval.
他以全体一致同意而中选。
The whole school was unanimous in its approval of the head-master's plan.
全校一致通过了校长的计划。

【同义词】agreed，concurrent，solid

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

• 【资源】2009年卫生专业技术资格大纲下载索引贴

Blood

医博园版主

发贴: 759
积分: 276

得票: 11

状态: 隐身

2008-03-25 21:04

austere adj.
【词义】
#Severe or stern in disposition or appearance; somber and grave:
严厉的：性格及外表严厉或严峻的；阴郁可怕的：
the austere figure of a Puritan minister.
清教徒牧师严厉的外表
#Strict or severe in discipline; ascetic:
严格的：在纪律约束上严格或严厉的；严格节制的：
a desert nomad's austere life.
沙漠游牧者严格节制的生活
#Having no adornment or ornamentation; bare:
不加修饰的；赤裸的：
an austere style.
不加修饰的风格

【同义词辨析】
severe， stern， austere， ascetic， strict
These adjectives mean unsparing and exacting with respect to discipline or control.
这些形容词的意思是顾及原则与限制而严厉的或苛刻的。
1.Severe implies adherence to rigorous standards or high principles; the term often suggests the imposition of harsh conditions:
Severe 暗指遵守严格的标准或高度的原则；该词常暗示强加苛刻的条件：
“Praise or blame has but a momentary effect on the man whose love of beauty in the abstract makes him a severe critic on his own works” (John Keats).
“赞扬或指责对这个人只有瞬间效应，对抽象美的热爱使他对自己的作品严加批判（约翰·凯兹）。
2.Stern suggests unyielding disposition, uncompromising resolution, or forbidding appearance or nature:
Stern 指强硬的处理、不妥协的决定或冷峻的外表或气质：
“thought her husband a man fatally stern and implacable” (George Meredith).
“认为她丈夫是一个极端严厉而且毫不容情的人” （乔治·马里蒂斯）。
3.Austere connotes sternness, qualities such as aloofness or lack of feeling or sympathy, and often rigid morality:
Austere 意味着严厉及诸如冷漠或缺乏感情与同情的性格，而且通常是恪守道德：
Austere officers demand meticulous conformity with military regulations.
严峻的军官要求谨遵军纪。
4.Ascetic suggests self-discipline and self-denial and often renunciation of worldly pleasures for spiritual improvement:
Ascetic 指自我约束和自我克制并且通常为达到精神进步而放弃世俗享乐：
“Be systematically ascetic . . . do . . . something for no other reason than that you would rather not do it” (William James).
有计划地克制…做…某事，没有别的理由只因你最好别做它” （威廉·杰姆森）。
5.Strict means requiring or showing stringent observance of obligations, rules, or standards:
Strict 指要求或显示严格遵守义务、规则或标准：
“He could not be severe nor even passably strict” (W.H. Hudson).
“他根本不能做到严厉，甚至连稍稍严格一点都做不到” (W.H.N哈德森）

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

• 【公告】2009年卫生专业技术资格考试推荐用书

Blood

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发贴: 759
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得票: 11

状态: 隐身

2008-03-26 23:47

digress vi.

【词义】
#To turn aside, especially from the main subject in writing or speaking; stray.
离开主题：远离，特别是指脱离写作或演说主题；跑题
The old professor used to digress from his subject for a moment to tell his students a funny story.
"老教授过去常常暂时离开一下话题,给学生们讲一个有趣的故事。"

【同义词】swerve， depart， deviate， digress， diverge， stray， veerThe central meaning shared by these verbs is “to turn away from a straight or prescribed course”:
这些动词所共有的意思是：“从正的或预定的轨迹上偏转”：
eyes that never once swerved from her face;
一刻不离她脸庞的眼睛；
won't depart from family traditions;
不要背离家庭传统；
deviated from their original plan;
偏离他们原来的计划；
digressing from the principal topic;
以主要论题岔开；
opinions that diverged;
有分歧的观点；
straying from the truth;
偏离了真实性；
veered the conversation away from politics.
把谈话从政治上引开

不自见，不自明，不自矜，不自伐。

• 【转载】支持尽快修改现行《中华人民共和国执业医师法》的来签名

Blood

医博园版主

发贴: 759
积分: 276

得票: 11

状态: 隐身

2008-03-27 17:40